Jeddah – KSA –2012 1-  General The suspended solids that are removed in a wastewater treatment plant are derived from the raw wastewater as well as from solids generated in the biological treatment processes. The solids are likely to contain micro-organisms which may contribute to the transmission of diseases, as well as organic and inorganic …

Definition… Wastewater treatment objectives are accomplished by concentrating impurities into solid form and then separating these solids from the bulk liquid. These concentration of solids, referred to as sludge, contains many objectionable materials and must be disposed of properly. The sludge resulting from wastewater treatment operations and process is usually in the form of a …

Apr 3, 2012 16:29 Hitachi Ltd developed a solid adsorbent material made by using cerium oxide for collecting and accumulating carbon dioxide (CO2) produced by coal fired power generation. Compared with zeolitic solid adsorbents, which are commercially available and commonly used for collecting CO2, the amount of CO2 adsorbed by the new material is about …

From: Institute for Governance & Sustainable Development Published May 1, 2012 10:52 AM   Washington D.C., 1 May 2012. – This past Friday, the Institute for Governance and Sustainable Development (IGSD) and the Environmental Investigation Agency (EIA) joined the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) in a petition to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to end …

Oil. That is what the modern Middle Eastern geopolitics have usually been about. Given the vast energy resources that form the backbone of western economies, influence and involvement in the Middle East has been of paramount importance for the former and current imperial and super powers, including France, Britain, USA and the former Soviet Union. …

Contents Water – visible and invisible Water’s magical properties Boiling and freezing Thermal properties Surface tension Molecules in motion The universal solvent Did you know? The sun-powered cycle ——————————————————————————– Water is the solvent, the medium and the participant in most of the chemical reactions occurring in our environment. Water is at once simple and complex. …

30 April 2008 | News – News story The debate currently raging about the global food crisis and whether biofuels are to blame for it is far more complex than it first appears. Biofuels have been touted as the answer to climate change. Enthusiasts say that by replacing petroleum-based fuels, they can help reduce greenhouse …

Discharging different kinds of wastewater and polluted waters such as domestic, industrial and agricultural wastewaters into environment, especially to surface water, can cause heavy pollution of this body sources. With regard to increasing effluent discharge standards to the environment, high considerations should be made when selecting proper treatment processes. Any of chemical, biological and physical …

By US EPA Courtesy of US EPA – Environmental Protection Agency Originally published Mar. 2008 A long-term, international investment in scientific study of the Earth’s climate is now resulting in a scientific consensus concerning climate change and its impacts on water resources. The ’National Water Program Strategy: Response to Climate Change’ provides an overview of …

It is important to note and remember that the sedimentation tank is an integral part of the activated – sludge process. The design of the reactor cannot be considered independently of the design of the associated settling facilities. To meet discharge requirements for suspended solids and BOD associated with the volatile suspended solids in the …

The solids that result from wastewater treatment may contain concentrated levels of contaminants that were originally contained in the wastewater. A great deal of concern must be directed to the proper disposal of these solids to protect environmental considerations. Failure to do this may result in a mere shifting of the original pollutants in the …

African Journal of Biotechnology Jin Wang, Zhenjia Zhang, Zhifeng Zhang, Ping Zheng and Chunjie Li 1- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. 2- Shaoxing Wastewater Treatment Development Co., Ltd., Shaoxing 312074, China. 3- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.   Two pilot-scale activated sludge systems …

Everyone is against water pollution… but how does it happen, and how can it be prevented? Water is Essential for Life. It covers 71% of the earth’s surface and makes up 65 % of our bodies. Everyone wants clean water– to drink, for recreation, and just to enjoy looking at. If water becomes polluted, its …

By This subject a wide range of environmental engineering presentations will be availble to be used by students, professionals, acadimic staff and engineers. So, I hope to provide these presentations a useful information. With best regards Dr.Eng Abdulrzzak Alturkmani   *  Institutional strengthening in water supply and sanitation *  Operation of WWTPs *  Preliminary and primary Treatment by Austermann-Haun …

Draft Final Report Submitted to: Canadian Mortgage and Housing Corporation Submitted by: Ontario Rural Wastewater Centre Collège d’Alfred – University of Guelph Authors: Chris Kinsley & Doug Joy July 19th, 2005 Table of Contents Executive Summary       ii Acknowledgements        iii 1.0 BACKGROUND and introduction      1 2.0 MODEL DEVELOPMENT        4 3.0 MODEL APPLICATION AND SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS      9 4.0 MODEL VALIDATION    11 4.1 Data Collection …

Contents  Wastewater Treatment Plant Components Mathematical Modeling Introduction to Modeling of Activated Sludge Process Introduction to Geographic Information System – GIS References     Together with population growth and industrialization, wastewater treatment became an international issue with enormous scope. Aquatic life conservation in lakes and rivers depends on the accurate treatment of wastewater. Mathematical modelling is …

Water hammer (or, more generally, fluid hammer) is a pressure surge or wave resulting when a fluid(usually a liquid but sometimes also a gas) in motion is forced to stop or change direction suddenly (momentum change). Water hammer commonly occurs when a valve is closed suddenly at an end of a pipeline system, and a pressure wave propagates in the …

Ministry of Education and Research – Romania Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest – UTCB PhD Thesis Industrial Wastewater Treatment Vegetable Oil Separation By: Eng. Ali Abebo   A vegetable oil or vegoil is an oil extracted from oilseeds or another plant source. Some vegetable oils, such as rapeseed, cottonseed or castor oil, are …

STUTTGART, Germany – With more than 500,000 units produced within three and a half years, the A-Class is among the bestsellers in the Mercedes-Benz passenger car range. Now the latest generation of this compact car is showing itself to be more youthful, attractive and environmentally compatible than ever before. This is ensured by a completely revised …

May 2, 2008 Livingston, NJ — The Autorake® Model 1400 is a front cleaned, hydraulic bar screen uniquely adapted for deep channel installations. The unit’s design coordinates the motion of a mobile rake comb, which travels up and down driven by a hydraulic motor and sprocket. As the rake comb reaches the bottom of the …

St. Louis, MO — Engineers at Washington University, using an impressive array of imaging and tracking technologies, have determined the importance of mixing in anaerobic digesters for bioenergy production and animal and farm waste treatment. Anaerobic digesters employ reactors that use bacteria to break down organic matter in the absence of oxygen. They are studying …

Using chemiluminescence technology, the Model 42i measures the amount of nitrogen oxides in the air from sub-ppb levels up to 100ppm. The Model 42i is a single Chamber, single photomultiplier tube design that cycles between the NO and NOX modes A change is in the air The industry’s new best-of-breed. Our customers told us exactly …

Adwest Technologies, Inc. The company’s Retox dual chamber RTO regenerative oxidizer designs provide up to 99%+ VOC/Odor Control with 95% primary heat recovery as described in a new 6 page brochure… The company’s Retox dual chamber RTO regenerative oxidizer designs provide up to 99%+ VOC/Odor Control with 95% primary heat recovery as described in a …

The value of laboratory result depends on the integrity of the sample. The object of sampling is to collect a portion of wastewater small enough in volume to be conveniently handled in the laboratory and still representative of the wastewater to be examined. It must be collected in such a manner that nothing is added …

Definition   Simply a well – mixed vessel with fluctuating input flow rates and / or concentration with fairly constant output flow rates and/or concentrations. Processes for waste treatment work best with uniform conditions. Shocks to the bioprocesses in the form of sudden changes in concentrations of nutrients can cause upsets. If the concentrations or …

The theory of luxury uptake of phosphorus is now well developed (Wentzel et al. 1990; Wentzel et al. 1991). It has been shown that exposing the mixed liquor to an anaerobic/aerobic sequence in the biological reactor selects microorganisms that accumulate higher levels of intracellular phosphorus than other microorganisms. Phosphorus-removing microorganisms are able to rapidly assimilate …

Introduction Wastewaters obtained from industries are generally much more polluted than the domestic or even commercial wastewaters. Still, however, several industrialists try to discharge their effluents into natural river streams, through unauthorized direct discharges. Such a tendency, on the part of industries may pollute the entire river water to a grave extent, thereby making its …

Preliminary treatment consists of a series of steps which prepare industrial wastewaters for the actual treatment processes that follow it. Typically, preliminary treatment includes equalization, screening and, if necessary, pH adjustment. In certain industries, oil and grease removal may also be necessary Equalization The influent to an industrial wastewater treatment system (IWTS) varies in flow …

267000 m3/d   PROJECT OVERVIEW The wastewater management system for the Greater Amman area includes the collection, conveyance and treatment of the wastewater generated in the Amman Russeifa — Zarqa basin, where 60% of the population of Jordan lives Samra wastewater treatment plant project is  a public private partnership (ppp) for financing the construction and …

Desalination and Water Purification Research and Development , Report No. 103 U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation Technical Service Center Denver, Colorado   Wastewater reclamation is gaining popularity worldwide as a means of conserving natural resources used for drinking water supply. The use of membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology, which combines conventional activated sludge …

Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest (UTCB) Sanitary Engineering and Water Protection Department By: Eng. ABDULRZZAK ALTURKMANI Advisor: Prof. Dr. Eng. ALEXANDRU MANESCU Bucharest-2007  Abstract Many industries produce waste streams that must be treated prior to discharge into the environment. Technologies of industrial wastewater treatment have evolved significantly in response to government regulation of …

The wastewater from industries varies so greatly in both flow and pollutional strength. So, it is impossible to assign fixed values to their constituents. In general, industrial wastewaters may contain suspended, colloidal and dissolved (mineral and organic) solids. In addition, they may be either excessively acid or alkaline and may contain high or low concentrations …

Description The sequencing batch reactor (SBR) process is a sequential suspended growth (activated sludge) process in which all major steps occur in the same tank in sequential order (Figure 1). There are two major classifications of SBRs: the intermittent flow (IF) or “true batch reactor,” which employs all the steps in figure 1, and the …

The influent to an industrial wastewater treatment system (IWTS) varies in flow and concentration of pollutants because the discharges from the manufacturing and utility processes are not constant. This variation affects the operation of the IWTS and could adversely affect the effluent quality from the plant. The objective of equalization is to minimize or control …

The primary function of an oil-water separator, such as the American Petroleum Institute (API) Separator, is to separate free oil globules larger than 0.015 cm (150 microns) from wastewaters. Such gravity separators will not separate oil droplets smaller than the size of free oil nor will it break down emulsions. Fig.1 shows the classification and …

Some of the effects of industrial wastewater discharges on collection and treatment systems were discussed briefly before. This section will describe in more details how industrial wastewaters can affect the operation and performance of both the IWTS and the POTW, and how direct discharges to the environment could affect receiving waters. If an industrial wastestream …

In most industries, wastewater effluents result from the following water uses:   • Sanitary wastewater (from washing, drinking, etc.); • Cooling (from disposing of excess heat to the environment); • Process wastewater (including both water used for making and washing products and for removal and transport of waste and by-products); and • Cleaning (including wastewater …

The wastewater from industries varies so greatly in both flow and pollutional strength. So, it is impossible to assign fixed values to their constituents. In general, industrial wastewaters may contain suspended, colloidal and dissolved (mineral and organic) solids. In addition, they may be either excessively acid or alkaline and may contain high or low concentrations …

This section discusses variables of industrial wastewaters, how they can be generally classified, the importance of knowing the frequency of generation and discharge. 1- Compatible and noncompatible pollutants  Compatible pollutants can be defined as those pollutants that are normally removed by the publicly owned treatment works (POTW) system. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), suspended solids (SS), …

Biological treatment of industrial wastewater is necessary, when they contain large quantities of biodegradable substances. Such biological treatment may be used either with or without acclimatisation. Laboratory tests on wastewater for determining its BOD/COD ratio will help in determining the type of treatment required. Say for example, if this ratio is more than 0.6, the …

In vast areas of the Mediterranean basin, water scarcity and environmental degradation associated with the pressure on the meager water resources, mainly due to the imbalance between supply and demand, represents an environmental threat and a first-order bottleneck for the economic activities and sustainable development of the involved countries. In addition, arid and semi-arid areas …

The Ministry of State for Environmental Affairs (MSEA) is acting for implementation provisions of the International Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) after having been ratified in 1997; the National Action Plan to Combat Desertification (NAP) comes as one of the basic objectives for execution the convention. Many efforts were implemented and others are still under …

The national biodiversity strategy in Syria contains the following contents: 1. General Information about Syria. 2. Status of Biodiversity in Syria 3. Guiding Principles for Biodiversity Conservation in Syria. 4. National Capacities in Biodiversity Management. 5. Aims of National Biodiversity Strategy. 1- General Information about Syria: Syria is an ancient land whose history goes back …

The Syrian Arab Republic lies on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Turkey from the north, Iraq from the east, Jordan from the south, and the Mediterranean Sea and Lebanon and Palestine from the west. Land surface area is 185,180 km2; one third of which is fertile lands and forests. …

Environmental Background : Syria’s population expansion rate of 3.6% is placing increasing pressure on the country’s resources . In addition to that industrial and agricultural sector activities are effecting a large number of components of the environment including water , land resources and air . In turn these effects all have a negative bearing on …

Most efforts at developing national capacity in environmental affairs are donor-funded, as are many of the efforts at environmental remediation. The World Bank, UNDP, and the EU’s Mediterranean environment technical assistance program (METAP) are the key donors in this sector. Opportunities also exist in clean technology for new industries. Syria is slowly developing the organizational …

1- General Background * Geography and population Syria, with a total area of 185180 km², is bordered in the north by Turkey, in the east and southeast by Iraq, in the south by Jordan, in the south-west by Israel and in the west by Lebanon and the Mediterranean sea. Administratively, the country is divided into 14 …

– Water & Wastewater Tariff: Syrian tariff for water is very low comparing with regional tariff (such as in Jordan and Tunisia). Sewage service tariff is estimated as a percent value of the total drinking water bill. Table 1 shows the current prices of Water & Wastewater Tariffs in Syria. Table 1  Water & Wastewater …

Report CHAPTER 3       WASTEWATER TREATMENT PROCESS OPTIONS   Contents Introduction 3.1 Primary Treatment 3.2 Coarse and Fine Screening 3.2.1 Comminutors and macerators 3.2.2 Grit removal 3.2.3 Grease Removal 3.2.4 Equalization 3.2.5 Primary Sedimentation 3.3 Flotation 3.4 Biological Wastewater Treatment Systems 3.5 Aerobic Treatment Systems 3.5.1 Anaerobic Treatment Systems 3.5.2 Secondary Clarifiers 3.6 Sludge Treatment 3.7 General …